Large Animal Cardiovascular

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Quantitative blood flow data in the conscious animal is a powerful tool for the study hemodynamic physiology. Researchers studying the physiology of various conditions which alter systemic blood flow and distribution such as exercise, aging, heart failure, and circulatory compromise measure blood flow in conscious animal models.

Applications include:

Real-Time Cardiac Output

Ascending Aorta & Pulmonary Artery Flowprobes Acute & Chronic Research Models

Coronary Artery Blood Flow Measurement

Continuous, high resolution volume flow measurement for acute/chronic research models

Exercise Physiology

Treadmill studies have been performed in large animal models such as sheep, calves, pigs and dogs where they have been trained to walk or run on a treadmill much like people exercising or in a medical examination stress test. Experts rely on Transonic Systems’ implantable flowprobes for such important measurements as cardiac output, hind limb blood flow, carotid and renal arterial flows to understand the underlying mechanisms of pressor response, peripheral vasoconstriction, and muscle metaboreflex under the stress of mild to moderate exercise.

Multiple flowprobes may be implanted on the ascending aorta and peripheral vessels. The leads are exteriorized with a skin button or small connector for tether attachment during recordings. Leads are protected by spring sheaths or other deterrents. Animals, trained on the treadmill, are accustomed to this routine monitoring. Transonic ultrasonic flowprobes are compatible with telemetric pressure recording devices such as Transoma/DSI® and ultrasonic sonomicrometry for measuring ventricular contractility by Sonometrics, Inc.®

The following studies report the use of integrated instrumentation with four flowprobes implanted in each subject:

Flowprobe Suggestions & Application Support (Dog Model)

Vessel
& Body Weight

Acute
Flowprobe &
Configuration

Chronic
Flowprobe &
Configuration

References

aorta ascending 8-12 kg	MA14PAU, MA16PAU 14, 16mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CRA10 Connector with 200cm Cable	MC14PAU, MC16PAU 14, 16mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
aorta ascending 12-15kg	MA14PAU, MA16PAU 14, 16mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CRA10 Connector with 200cm Cable	MC14PAU, MC16PAU 14, 16mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
aorta ascending 18-22kg	MA16PAU, MA20PAU 16, 20mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CRA10 Connector with 200cm Cable	MC20PAU 20mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
aorta ascending 22-25kg	MA20PAU, MA24PAU 20, 24mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CRA10 Connector with 200cm Cable	MC20PAU, MC24PAU 20, 24mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
aorta ascending 25-30kg	MA24PAU, MA28PAU 20, 24mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CRA10 Connector with 200cm Cable	MC24PAU, MC28PAU 24, 28mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
bronchial artery 12-28kg	MA1PRB 1mm Precision R-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 60cm Cable	MC1PRB 1mm Precision R-Series, Back Cable Exit ~50-65cm Cable CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10
common carotid artery	MA4PSB 4mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC4PSS 4mm Precision S-Series, Side Cable Exit ~50-65cm Cable CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10
internal carotid artery	MA2.5PSB 2.5mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC2.5PSS 2.5mm Precision S-Series, Side Cable Exit CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
left anterior descending coronary artery Dog 8-15kg	MA1.5PRB 1.5mm Precision R-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC1.5PRS 1.5mm Precision R-Series, Side Cable Exit Silicone Flange CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable	Blood Flow Measurement in Canine Left Anterior Descending (LAD) Coronary Artery
left anterior descending coronary artery Dog 16-20kg	MA2PSB 2mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC2PSS 2mm Precision S-Series, Side Cable Exit Silicone Flange CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable	Blood Flow Measurement in Canine Left Anterior Descending (LAD) Coronary Artery
left anterior descending coronary artery Dog >20kg	MA2.5PSB 2.5mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC2.5PSS 2.5mm Precision S-Series, Side Cable Exit Silicone Flange CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable	Blood Flow Measurement in Canine Left Anterior Descending (LAD) Coronary Artery
left coronary artery circumflex (LCx) >20kg	MA3PSB 3mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC3PSS 3mm Precision S-Series, Side Cable Exit CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
left coronary artery circumflex (LCx) >16-20kg	MA2.5PSB 2.5mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC2.5PSS 2.5mm Precision S-Series, Side Cable Exit CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
femoral artery	MA3PSB, MA4PSB 3, 4mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC3PSS, MC4PSS 3, 4mm Precision S-Series, Side Cable Exit CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
hepatic artery 25kg	MA3PSS, MA4PSS 3, 4mm Precision S-Series, Side Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC3PSS, MC4PSS 3, 4mm Precision S-Series, Side Cable Exit silicone wrap CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable	Chronic Hepatic & Portal Blood Flow Measurement in Dog
intercostal artery	MA2PSB 2mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC2PSB 2mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
intestinal serosa and mucosa	Type S (straight) Laser Doppler Flowprobes
jugular vein 10kg	MA4PSB 4mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable
internal mammary artery (thoracic)	MA3PSB 3mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC3PSB 3mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
cranial pancrea- ticoduodenal vein 10-20kg	MA4PSB 4mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC4PSS 4mm Precision S-Series, Side Cable Exit CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable	Chronic Blood Flow Measurement in the Canine Pancreaticoduodenal Vein
pancreas perfusion 13-18 kg	Type R (right angle) Laser Doppler Flowprobes
portal vein 10-25kg	MA8PAU, MA10PAU 8, 10mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CRA10 Connector with 200cm Cable	MC8PAU, MC10PAU 8, 10mm COnfidence® Flowprobes or MC8PSS, MC10PSS Precision S-Series CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable	Chronic Hepatic & Portal Blood Flow Measurement in Dog
pulmonary artery 8-12kg	MA14PAU, MA16PAU 14, 16mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CRA10 Connector with 200cm Cable	MC14PAU, MC16PAU 14, 16mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
pulmonary artery 18-22kg	MA16PAU, MA20PAU 16, 20mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CRA10 Connector with 200cm Cable	MC16PAU, MC20PAU 16, 20mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
pulmonary artery 22-25kg	MA20PAU, MA24PAU 20, 24mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CRA10 Connector with 200cm Cable	MC20PAU, MC24PAU 20, 24mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
pulmonary artery 25-30kg	MA24PAU, MA28PAU 24, 28mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CRA10 Connector with 200cm Cable	MC24PAU, MC28PAU 24, 28mm COnfidence® Flowprobes CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
pulmonary vein	MA6PSB 6mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC6PSB 6mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
renal artery	MA2.5PSS, MA3PSS 2.5, 3mm Precision S-Series, Side Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC3PSS, MC4PSS 3, 4mm Precision S-Series, Side Cable Exit silicone wrap CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable	Chronic Renal Blood Flow Measurement in Dog
subpleural micro-circulation 16-19 kg	Type N (11 gauge) Laser Doppler Flowprobes
thoracodorsal artery	MA2.5PSB 2.5mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC2.5PSS 2.5mm Precision S-Series, Side Cable Exit CM4B, CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable
vena cava inferior	MA10PSB, MA12PSB 10, 12mm Precision S-Series, Back Cable Exit CRA10 Connector with 100cm Cable	MC10PSS, MC12PSS 10, 12mm Precision S-Series, Side Cable Exit wide silicone reflector CB12, CS12, CRS10 Connectors with a ~50-65cm Cable